Over the years we’ve heard lots of stories and memories that people have about fruit. Apricot trees seem to have a special place in people’s hearts.
An apricot tree has been common in backyards since waaaaay back when. Lots of people have special memories of the smell and taste of eating sweet, ripe apricots on a hot summer’s day. Maybe they were visiting Grandma or pinching fruit from over the fence at the neighbour’s place.
We definitely share the apricot love, so today we’re delving into what makes them such a fondly remembered backyard tree, and asking whether they deserve a place in your garden.
Where do apricot trees come from?
Though their proper name is Prunus armeniaca, apricots probably come from China rather than Armenia. The earliest known writings about apricots are from the time of the emperor Yu, around 2200 BC, and some sources say they were known in India in 3000 BC. It gives a whole new twist to the notion of “heritage” fruit, doesn’t it? If you want to learn more about the history of apricots in China read this gorgeous blog.
There are literally dozens of different varieties of apricots. We grow 11 at our place, chosen because they ripen consecutively, which gives us ripe apricots from late spring right through until mid-summer. It also gives us a lot of variety of flavours and uses. We’ve grafted a few more varieties in our test patch this year, so we’ll update you when we know what they’re like.
Apricot varieties
Our varieties, in order of ripening are:
Poppicot
A lively flavoured sweet apricot with tart skin, which has a strong apricot flavour when properly tree-ripened.
Earlicot
A large apricot, prone to cracking and deformities on some trees in some seasons, but ripens well on the tree and has a good flavour.
Katy
A large, egg-shaped apricot, can crack easily in the rain, but wonderful intense flavour when ripe, a really special apricot
Blenheim
A rare heritage variety from England in the early 1800s. Fruit is small to medium, with a prominent seam and a very “apricot-y” flavour. Bright orange flesh that is juicy and sweet when ripe, freestone. Previously one of the most commonly grown apricots. Self-fertile. Flowers early, making it vulnerable to frost.
Castlebrite
A medium to large apricot, brightly coloured, quite sweet. Castlebrite is a good, reliable apricot, not very strong in flavour but nice for eating and jam. They begin sweetening up on the tree as they start looking ripe, and hang well and continue to ripen without being too prone to falling off. Unfortunately, the trees are very vulnerable to blossom blight, and the fruit can be prone to brown rot.
Divinity
Bred in South Australia in the 1950s. Small to medium, slightly oblong fruit, apricot colour with dull red blush. Dark apricot flesh, good sweet flavour with slightly acid skin, clingstone.
Bebeco
A medium to small, round pale apricot with firm texture, and delicious intense apricot flavour. They ripen well on the tree and are not inclined to fall off easily. Tend to be a very spreading tree.
Goldrich
A dark orange apricot, which is very sour when it first turns orange and starts to look ripe. It goes on to develop intense flavour and sweetness if left to ripen on the tree for another week or two. An apricot that really needs taste testing before picking to ensure sugars have properly developed. Great eaten fresh, and good for bottling, but makes a very dark jam.
Rival
One of our favourite all-purpose apricots. Rival sweeten early on the tree, hang well, and are good for eating, preserving, and drying. They are also a reliable cropper, and not particularly vulnerable to disease. Our best recommendation for a backyard tree.
Patterson
Popular with canneries and a good all-purpose apricot. Good for drying or eating fresh.
Trevatt
An old-fashioned favourite, a slightly flattened, very sweet, pale orange apricot that ripens from the inside, so they are sweet and delicious to eat even when they look a bit green. Trevatt are very soft textured, and make fantastic jam, but lose their shape immediately when cooked, so not great for bottling.
Moorpark
Another old favourite with a distinctive flavour, darker colour and firmer flesh than Trevatt, Moorpark are a late apricot, and not a good cropper in our climate, but are highly prized for their sweetness. Prone to freckle, which is a skin disease that affects the look of the fruit, but not the taste.
Tilton
Another great all-purpose apricot, Tilton are nice and sweet and good for eating fresh, bottling or drying. Can be a little dry. Handy because they’re self-pollinating.
Hunter
Medium to large, pale apricot colour, light flesh that is firm and has good flavour. Freestone. A late flowering apricot. Self-fertile. Ripens 3 weeks after Rival, in late January. One of the latest fruiting apricots.
What else is there to love about apricot trees?
Apricot trees are very vigorous, and are usually grafted onto plum rootstocks (or occasionally peach). They can grow into massive trees, and are absolutely gorgeous in spring when they’re covered with fragrant pink and white blossom.
They’re fabulously good for you. They’re high in fibre, vitamins A & C, and have masses of antioxidants. According to Shakespeare in A Midsummer Night’s Dream they’re also good for your love life.
Apricot kernels have been used as a cancer treatment since at least the 17th century and are still available in many health food shops for this purpose, though modern science is conflicted about whether it actually works. The kernels contain small amounts of hydrogen cyanide. This is poisonous in large doses but fine (and possibly therapeutic) in small doses. In fact, it gives a lovely marzipan flavour to jam if the kernels are cooked with the jam.
Are apricot trees easy to grow?
This is one area where it can be a little harder to love your apricot tree. Apricots can be really tricky to grow because they need a very specific climate to produce fruit.
They need a cold winter for the fruit to set but are tragically sensitive to frost in spring, which can damage both the flowers and small fruit. They also need warm conditions in spring and summer because they ripen so early.
One of the main reasons we love apricots is because we can grow them! Our farm has just the right combination of cold winters and hot summers, and the huge advantage of being almost frost-free.
Sadly, they’re also prone to fungal diseases, especially blossom blight and brown rot, as well as gummosis. They’re usually pruned in late summer or early autumn, while the weather is still warm, to help prevent the spread of disease.
As well as pruning, the other main maintenance job with apricots is fruit thinning in spring, because they’re a bugger for biennial bearing (heavy crop one year, followed by a light crop the next year), and thinning breaks the cycle, but the trick is, you have to do it every year!
Tell me again why I love them?
They sound like hard work, don’t they? They’re probably the fruit tree we hear the most complaints about. However, with the right climate, the right pruning, good hygiene, organic fungicides, and good pest control, it’s quite possible to keep your apricot tree healthy and bearing well (really, trust us, it’s do-able. Or do our apricot short course).
All that hard work of getting a crop is sooooo worth it because apricots are wonderfully versatile.
If you’re lucky enough to harvest a glut, they make delicious jam. They also lend themselves to preserving and drying. With a little work in the kitchen, you can capture those delicious memories of eating fragrant ripe apricots straight from the tree to enjoy all year.
Hello,
Thanks for the article and wonderful photographs.
Just one question: are all of the varieties that you mention available to home growers? I have been able to find only a few of them in nurseries.
Thanks and regards,
Grant
Hi Grant, yes most of them should be available. We grow most of those in our on-farm nursery (called Carr’s Organic Fruit Tree Nursery). We advertise the trees through our Weekly Fruit Tips newsletter, so if you sign up for the newsletter you’ll be the first to hear about them!
Thanks for this Katy. I would love to buy a RIVAL apricot are you selling any next season or do you know where to buy them.
I have just planted a PLUMCOT and hope it goes well
Hi Margot, yes we should have Rival available next winter through Carr’s Organic Fruit Tree Nursery – they’ll be advertised in the Weekly Fruit Tips when they’re available.
Thanks for the article.
What and how do you best prepare the soil transplant an apricot tree?
Hi Anthony, no special requirements for apricot trees, just the same as for any tree – a green manure is one of the easiest ways to improve the soil (here’s the link to our green manure course https://growgreatfruit.com/product/develop-your-green-thumb/). The best time to transplant fruit trees is in winter.
Hi, I bought a home with 12 beautiful espalier stone fruit trees, including one apricot. The branches are currently laden. I have no idea how to check the soil and and add nutrients to enable a successful harvest. Any advice gratefully received.
Hi Julia – lucky you, great find in a new house! The most important thing to do first is to check whether you’ll need to thin the apricot tree to make sure you don’t get any broken branches/laterals from too much fruit (check out our thinning course here – https://growgreatfruit.com/product/fruit-tree-thinning/). There may be no need to do anything urgently for soil nutrition if the trees are growing well, but it’s always the right time for a dose of compost!
I’m surprised your list didn’t include the Blenheim variety. It is our favorite but sets on to early to be a good producer in our colder climate in Idaho. Typically we got a small crop most years and a really good crop about every 7 when there wasn’t a late freeze. We are in Boise. Our one Blenheim finally succumbed to Borrowers. The Squirrels discovered that the Kernel in the pit is not bitter and we lost a tree full of fruit to about 30 or 40 squirrels one year. Fun to watch but saddening to see.
Hi Mike, we’ve just grafted that variety and so will hopefully be able to try the fruit over the next couple of years. Good to hear that you’ve enjoyed it in the past, because it doesn’t sound like you’ll be enjoying them in the future – you seem very understanding about your “borrowers”!
I have seen ads for “Turkish” apricots. Is this a variety available from some nurseries, or does it refer to apricots imported from Turkey? The ads do not declare them to be imported, so I am really not sure
I still love the Trevatt. Ideal for stewing (cook up and put in the deep freeze for apricots all year round) and for jam.
Really looking forward to the season.
Just get depressed reading about apricots.. have two 4 year old trees .. healthy , 2 M tall.. neither of them fruit..’one is Moorpark the other I’ve forgotten..don’t know what to do..
Hi Robbie, this blog post on things that can go wrong with apricots might be a good start, otherwise a good look at our pruning & thinning resources might help you arm yourself with knowledge for next year! Meg – Grow Great Fruit team.
Hi the variety I have planted is called Newcastle Early Apricot. It is very early as my fruit are nearly the size of golf balls at the moment. I was wondering if you had some comment on this particular variety. Thanks M.
Yes – all in the name “early”. Definitely a good one to include to stretch out your apricot harvest, although worth having some other cultivars too for later harvest. Hope you get to enjoy your crop! Meg – Grow Great Fruit team.
Our Trevatt apricot always has a good crop, in Melbourne not far from the bay, (we do thin it). Delicious to eat and makes wonderful jam. Made about 40 jars of jam last year, but finished them a few weeks ago.
Sounds delicious, hope you can make til you have some more! Meg – Grow Great Fruit team.
What is the best type of Apricot fruit tree used for producing an Apricot Ale in the SoCal region?
Mike – that’s a great question – really not sure about brewing beer, but that sure sounds delicious – let us know if you find out! Meg – Grow Great Fruit team.
I love and grow Blenheim. Extremely productive. I grew up eating these here in California. Blenheim makes fantastic jam.
I have a 5-year-old apricot tree that I grew from seed. Don’t know what kind it is but it has not produced any fruit yet. I put a couple of fertilizing stakes in the potting soil for fruit trees. It’s April now and I’m hoping I get something this year. It’s about 6 ft tall and I have been pruning it like I’m supposed to. It’s growing in a very large cut down barrel. Could that be the problem? Thanks for any help you can give me, Mary Lou
Hi Mary Lou – have you noticed the apricot tree flowering? Or are there any signs of disease? They would be some of the first things I’d be looking for. The container may be part of the problem, or the growing medium, but first step in diagnosis would be to understand if the tree has produced any flowers. You might find our other blog on things that can go wrong with apricots helpful, and we also have a short course on growing fruit trees in pots that might be of use. Good luck – Meg, GGF team.
Thanks for the information. Just starting to research these.
Thank you for all your wonderful information! I live in Canberra and am looking for one dwarf apricot (to fit in a fully meshed enclosure to protect several dwarf fruit trees, grapes and chooks from possums, birds and predators). It is an elevated but sheltered site. so does not get as heavy frosts as elsewhere in Canberra. The site gets morning to mid-afternoon sun. I have short-listed dwarf Moorpark and dwarf Trevatt. Main criteria are delicious flavour fresh off the tree as well as hardy and productive. I’ll be grateful for you views on these – and alternatives …. Thanks.
BTW – my mother grew on on a property that had a huge orchard in the the 1890s, and what was reputedly the ‘largest canning factory in the southern hemisphere’. While the commercial business did not last long (because of high transport costs), many trees remained for decades. One of my most delightful memories as a child in the 1950s was picking bucketfuls of sweet apricots from trees scattered over sheep paddocks. Barbara
Hi Barbara, what a lovely family memory – and nice to try and continue the apricot lineage. Your shortlisted varieties sound appropriate – Moorpark tend to be one of the cold-hardier apricots and have a lovely flavour off the tree. Tiltons are also quite cold hardy and lovely fresh – they are often available on dwarfing rootstocks. Great that you have a fully meshed enclosure! Good luck, Meg – GGF team.